Isolationism, Intervention, and Imperialism: Assignment Essay

Monroe belief statement issued by death chair James Monroe stating that the Western Hemisphere was off limits to further European hitch Intervention involvement by a contradictory force in the affairs of an new(prenominal) body politic, typic every(prenominal)y to achieve the stronger powers aims playing area of Influence an area or region over which a area has signifi chamberpott cultural, economic, military, or political influence Isolationism policy of refraining from involvement in global affairs Expansionism policy of going a nations physical stain or political influence Imperialism policy of creating colonies in weaker nations in order to generate raw materials and substantiate access to red-hot markets Turners Thesis. An idea advanced by historian Frederick capital of Mississippi Turner that argued that the Statesns should seek a new frontier, one in foreign lands because this would help Americans obligate their inventive and energetic spirits Big scotch insuranc e foreign policy under Theodore Roosevelt that used U.S. power to patrol foreign nations, particularly those in Latin America Roosevelt Corollary policy drop forth by Roosevelt stating the unify States would intervene in Latin America on behalf of foreign powers if Latin American nations did not meet their agreements clam diplomacy foreign policy under William Howard Taft that used U.S. economic power to try to shape international affairs Natural resources materials much(prenominal) as oil, natural gas, lumber, prosperous, copper, waterways, and fertile soil that are native to a habituated place and can be used for economic benefits Markets places where manufactured goods can be bought and sold nonesAlaskaSecretary of State William H. Seward signed the treaty to buy Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million in 1867. Many Americans thought buying Alaska was a mistake. Alaska was complete(a) and covered with ice. They callight-emitting diode it names such as Sewards Folly and the paired Garden. The Russians agreed. They had decided to sell Alaska because they did not think it was lucrative. But the purchase grew the nation by about 600,000 square milesabout twice the size of Texasfor but about two cents an acre. Despite low expectations, Alaska was rich with natural resources such as lumber, gold, copper, and other metals. Oil and natural gas were discovered in Alaska, which continuesto fuel battles between conservationists and energy and mining inte stand-ins. The discovery of gold in Alaska in the 1890s led to a gold rush. It in like manner support the development of Seattle as a major port. peaceable Islands Midway, Samoa, GuamAfter the courteous War, U.S. expansionism into the Pacific began. Merchant ships sought places to refuel. Missionaries wished to spread Christianity virtually the globe. The join States began expanding in the Pacific with the occupation of the Midway Islands, located about 3,000 miles west of California. fairish as merchan ts needed ports to refuel their trading ships, the U.S. Navy needed unhurt harbors abroad. The linked States began working to construct control of strategic ports in the Pacific in order to meet this need. Small islands that had been mostly ignored by imperial powers thus became more valuable. Before long, the United States had established rights in Pacific island nations including the Marshall Islands and Guam. U.S. micklers and missionaries stopped in Samoa en route to Australia. Rivalries among the United States, Britain, and Germany became heated in 1878 after Samoa gave the United States permission to build a military base in Pago Pago. To cometle this disputebut without consulting the Samoansthe United States and Germany divided up the islands. Britain agreed to withdraw in return for the rights to other Pacific islands. In 1899, this division was complete. The United States annexed its portion of Samoa. howdyMissionaries and whalers were the setoff Americans to stop on the hulloan Islands. Some eventually settled there. American settlers also began growing sugar and selling it to the United States. Sugar became Hawaiis most important export. Former Americans came to dominate both Hawaiis economy and its disposal. In 1875, the United States and Hawaii agreed to institutionalize the United States favored-nation status. This allowed Hawaiian sugar to be imported to the United States without tariffs. In 1887, the United States wringd the Hawaiian government to allow the United States to establish a naval base at Pearl Harbor in commuting for renewing this agreement.This agreement ended when Congress passed the McKinley Tariff of 1890. Under pressure from U.S. sugar growers, Congress revoked Hawaiis special privilege and oblige Hawaiian sugar growers to compete with U.S. and Cubansugar producers. As a result, Hawaii faced a severe economic depression. To get around this tariff, planters in Hawaii plotted to make Hawaii a territory of the United S tates. Political turmoil followed as American Hawaiians clashed with the native government under Queen Liliuokalani. Over the next decade, sugar growers and other U.S. interests pushed to have the Hawaiian Islands annexed by the United States. Hawaii became a U.S. territory in 1900. JapanAmericans wanted to begin trading with Japan to grow their profitable Pacific trade. Japan also offered a place for fisherman in the commercial whaling industry to refuel. But for two centuries, Japan had isolated itself from the rest of the world. It limited outside influence by restricting trade with all but a few Dutch and Chinese traders. Japan also prohibited foreigners from entering the country. This changed on March 31, 1854, when U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry landed in Japan. assured that it would be unable to defend itself and perhaps fearing war, Japan agreed to a treaty of friendship. mainland ChinaIn the mid-1800s, China opened its ports to trade with the United States and Europe. Howeve r, Chinas leaders were unable to keep foreign powers from taking over its territory. In 1895, Japan attacked China, taking over a queen-sized Chinese peninsula. China was severely weakened, and the European powers took advantage. In the late 1890s, European powers carved out spheres of influence in China. These gave European nations favorable-trade status. Many U.S. calling and government leaders worried that they were not given equal access, so the United States proposed an founder Door Policy with China. This policy allowed all nations to trade freely in China. But European governments realized that the policy would greatly benefit the United States and take away the power that European nations had accumulated. Thus, they were averse(p) to accept this policy. In 1899, a group of Chinese martial artists led the Boxer Rebellion. This violent uprising against foreign influence in China was put down two months later. By then, however, more than 200 foreigners had been killed. Not wanting another bloody rebellion, European powers then accepted the Open Door Policy. The policy respected Chinas borders and vowed to maintain its independence. VenezuelaVenezuela and salient Britain had long disputed the boundary separating Venezuela and British Guiana. After a 509-ounce gold nugget was found in the disputed territory, tensions rose. Both countries claimed the gold was discovered in their territory. Eager to enforce the Monroe philosophical system and to keep Britain from gaining more land in the Western Hemisphere, President Grover Cleveland attempted to intervene. Eventually a neutral arbiter settled the dispute. But the message to the world that the United States would enforce the Monroe Doctrine was clear. everlasting(a) IslandsWhen the Europeans began colonizing the Americas, many countries targeted the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea. The Dutch claimed the islands, divided them into plantations, and began to grow sugarcane there. The Virgin Islands were an important stop on the Triangular quite a little routes that passed from Europe to Africa and the Americas. After slavery was abolished on the islands and the sugarcane plantations began to fail, the United States set its sights on the territory in the late 1800s. By 1917, the United States had bought the Islands from the Dutch. At the beginning of U.S. occupation of the islands, the U.S. Navy controlled the territory. Alaska purchased from Russia acquire land and resourcesSamoa agreed to expose rights with Germany acquire ports in the Pacific China instituted Open Door Policy gain trading rights in China Cuba refused to support revolution maintain isolationist ideals Dominican Republic sent financial adviser Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Hawaii refused to, but eventually did annex maintain isolationist ideals gain valuable resources Japan opened trading gain trading collaboratorVenezuela and British Guiana tried to intervene in dispute gained Monroe Doctrine Virgin Islands purchased from Denmark acquire land, military ports, and resources